Soreness can depend upon a lot of things. Your workout intensity, rep level, years of training, training method, nutrition status, chemical use, genetics, and so on.
After 33 years of lifting, I rarely get sore, at about any training level, or method. My adaptive response is very good after thousands of hours of training.
For a neophyte, there may be times when soreness lasts as long as several days, or even a week. This certainly isn't uncommon.
If you have a true interest in this, you'll want to Google up on the latest studies regarding athletic recovery and muscle soreness. Google, and university studies, are great tools for some fairly good information on the latest sports science.
The old school thinking on muscle soreness was that lactic acid buildup post-workout caused what you know as soreness. Current thinking, however, which I agree with, is that microtears in your muscle cause the soreness, as the lattices inside your muscle rebuild stronger, and thicker (hypertrophy).
It's been my experience that flushing the areas the next day, post-workout, can make a remarkable difference in recovery time. You can flush that area by riding a bike, doing a few lats pull downs, arm curls and extensions, at a very low intensity.
In your case of being so very thin, I'd guess you're under-nourished as well. You can't recover without the proper building blocks nor without being anabolic as much as possible. I.e., eat.
This is ALL science. You have to study it and study some more, to find out what works for you.